12/11/2023 0 Comments Circular motion body diagramsThis equation also indicates that v < vo. Moreover, driving at this speed will not result in any wear and tear of the tyres. In the above equation of speed, frictional force will not be required at all to produce the necessary centripetal force. We will observe the maximum possible speed on a banked road is more than the flat road. If we compare the above equation with v max derived in the flat road Substitution of N in equation 5 will form the equation, So if we want to find out V max, we will use the above equation (f = µ sN) Thus, the centripetal force is due to the horizontal components of N and f. We know that the net force in the vertical direction is zero because of no acceleration. It is possible to decrease the contribution of the friction to the circular motion of a car moving in the road provided the road is banked. The circular motion of any car in either a flat or a banked road provides interesting applications of the laws of motion. Now, if a car is taking a circular turn in a particular horizontal road surface, the centripetal force will be the frictional force. Therefore, it is very clear that for any value of R and µ s, a maximum speed of circular motion of a moving car can be possible (gravitational force on the planet due to the sun). The result does not depend upon the mass of the car. Using the equation of law of static friction (f s ≤ µ s N) and f c= mv 2/R, we will get the result This static friction is responsible for opposing the impending motion of the car that is moving farther from the circle. In this example the friction is static that is providing the centripetal acceleration. This force is nothing but the frictional force. The production of the force is possible by the component of the contact force occurring between the car tyres moving along the surface of the road. Therefore, the centripetal force needed is present along the surface of the road the car is moving. In the diagram, it is clear that the vertical direction does not have any acceleration. Primarily, three forces are acting on the car. Refer to the diagram below to observe the motion of a car on a level road. The Motion of a Car Circular Motion on a Level Road The centripetal force is occurring due to electrostatic attraction between electrons (negative charge) and nucleus (positive charge). The same thing happens when the moon is revolving around the earth due to the centripetal force occurring by the gravitational attraction imparted by the Earth on the moon.Įxample of centripetal force is electrons revolving around the nucleus in a circular orbit in an atom. The force is provided by the gravitation attraction of our planet Earth due to the sun. ![]() Centripetal force plays a major role in this phenomenon. Thus, if the adequate centripetal force is not present, then the car can start slipping rather than taking the turn on the road.Īnother very common example is the movement of the earth around the sun. However, there will be a reduction in the frictional force if the tyres are worn or if the road in which the car is travelling is icy or even wet. This frictional force between the tyres and road helps in the providing centripetal force. Applications of Centripetal Force in Our Daily LivesĬonsider a car is travelling on a road and the car takes a turn in any direction. All the forces present in nature such as gravitational force, electrical force, frictional force, etc are centripetal forces. Consider the mass of a body m and the magnitude of the centripetal force f c,Ĭentripetal force is not something new. If the centripetal force is absent then the circular motion is not possible. This force is known as centripetal force. ![]() Therefore, we can also say that a body undergoing circular motion occurs when a force acts upon it in the direction toward the centre of the circular path or the circle. We know according to the second law of Newton, the acceleration is produced by the force in the same direction as that of the force. However, the direction continuously changes and always maintains its position towards the circle. If a particles move with a uniform speed of V on any given circular path having the radius (r), the particle will have a centripetal acceleration of magnitude (v 2/r). These two forces form the foundation of circular motion. They are the centripetal force and centrifugal force. It is very important to understand two basic forces while learning circular motion.
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